Google has at least one product in almost every area of technology. For example, In 2011, Google entered the field of programming languages to gain a share of this market. Dart’s programming language is, in short, Google’s solution to common JavaScript problems. Google itself mainly used the darts language and It wasn’t prevalent among programmers for a long time. However, after introducing the Flutter framework and the ability to build mobile apps with darts, developers gradually welcomed this language. In this article, we look at what a dart programming language is and what you can do with it; Stay with us.
What is Dart Programming Language?
The variety of programming languages has grown so much that it has become difficult for programmers to trust a new One. It is always confusing for developers which language to learn from a turbulent ocean of ever-increasing programming languages. To answer this question, you should know your needs. What do you expect from a language, and what do you want to do with it? Meanwhile, one of our choices is the Dart language.
Dart is a relatively new programming language that, as mentioned, was introduced by Google in 2011. Dart uses a BSD license and is accessible to the public. The language was unveiled and raised in one of the most beautiful cities in Denmark, and it took two years for version 1.0 to be released. In 2018, Google released the second version of this language, which was associated with significant changes. This language is multi-purpose, and you can use it to create a mobile application, write software for the desktop, or design a site. It also supports object orientation, and you can experience OOP programming with Dart.
Many computer experts consider C to be the mother of all programming languages. They believe learning C prepares people’s minds to enter the world of programming. Meanwhile, one of the main advantages of darts is that it is based on the C language. So, if you have already programmed with C-based languages like PHP or JavaScript, learning darts will be enjoyable.
Dart Vs. Java Script
The Dart programming language is very similar to Java and C Plus in terms of Syntax. Using this General Purpose language, both server-side and client-side programs can be written. The dart language compiler is available within the Dart SDK or virtual dart machine. This SDK also has a tool called -dart2js that generates the JavaScript equivalent of your code. A prerequisite for learning darts is mastering objectivism. Using darts and with the help of Flutter, you can write mobile applications for all operating systems.
What are the advantages and limitations of the Dart programming language?
Dart is a high-level, interpretable language that Google’s support, along with a number of up-to-date features, has made it popular with programmers. This language is known as an alternative to JavaScript. The use of this language increased when Google introduced Flutter in 2017 with the aim of adding mobile programming capabilities. Like all other phenomena in the world, this phenomenon has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
- Easy to learn – especially for programmers familiar with JavaScript
- Existence of accurate and detailed educational documentation by Google that leaves no room for ambiguity
- Powerful and fast performance of applications written with darts running
- This language is highly stable and supports various interfaces.
- Darts uses AOT and JIT simultaneously, which is unprecedented among all languages.
- Installation and use of darts are straightforward and smooth. With the Dart pad, you can easily write and execute code.
Disadvantages
- Darts have just entered the world of programming, which is why you do not see a large community around you when coding with it. However, having a community of programmers around allows novice questions and problems to be solved quickly.
- Despite the popularity of the language in recent years, the demand for dart programmers in the job market is still not as high as that of Java or C # programmers.
- Darts still have work to do. Experts do not yet consider this language complete and recognize it as an evolving language.
- Lack of native support for applications. It is the programmers’ task to provide native support in popular browsers.
In general, we can not be happy with its strengths and consider dart the best programming language. On the other hand, is it not reasonable to reject it due to its weaknesses. However, Dart is easy to learn and a privilege for programmers.
Dart Programming Basics
Like all programming languages, dart has its own basics in terms of data types and commands. Our goal in this article is to provide basic training on dart language. So, let’s start with Data types in dart.
What are data types in the Dart programming language?
One of the first issues in a programming language is data types. For dart, the data types include:
Numbers
They are used in two types, Integer and Double. Integer, denoted by Int, contains integers and non-decimal numbers. On the other hand, double covers decimal numbers.
Strings
You can use it to work with a string of characters (name, address, etc.). When using the keyword String, you will have a series of UTF-16 units. To access UTF-32, we must use Runes.
Booleans
Boolean only supports two values: True and False. You can use this variable when you need to make sure that property exists.
Lists and Maps
These two types of data are defined for working with a set of objects. A list is a set of objects that are arranged in order. It is actually equivalent to the concept of the array in other languages. On the other hand, the map covers a set of data as key/value.
Dynamic Variables
Darts impose fewer writing restrictions on coders. If the type of variable is not explicitly specified, we are dealing with dynamic variables. Dynamic variables are opposite to explicit types whose exact type is defined.
Defining variables in dart
While defining a variable in dart, we have some options. First of all, are the types we mentioned in the previous section that help you determine an explicit type. In this case, that variable can receive any value as long as its type is correct. Another type, as we said, is Dynamic Variable Type, which can take any matter of any type after definition.
Another way is to define a variable with the var command (derived from variable). This variable can take any type of data. However, after primitive quantification, you can not change its type anymore. Furthermore, you can use Final and Const commands to define fixed values.
Operators in Darts
An expression is a command that leads to a final value. It consists of two parts:
- Operands: The part that represents data.
- Operator: Specifies the operation performed on the data to reach the final value.
In a simple example, when we add two to three, 2 and 3 are operands, and the + sign is Operator. The types of operators in darts are as follows:
Arithmetic Operators
The four basic mathematical operations along with different types of division, addition, and subtraction
Equality and Relational Operators
Symbols of less than, greater than, equal to, greater than or equal, and less than or equal
Type test Operators
This operator tests at runtime whether the object has that particular type of data.
Bitwise Operators
Performs AND, OR, XOR, NOT, left shift, and right shift operators on memory cells (bits).
Assignment Operators
Assigns the value to the left to the right of the operator.
Logical Operators
Executes the main logic operators (And, OR, and NOT) on the condition of the query
Functions in darts
The functions in Dart are very similar to those in CplusPlus and Java. In the Dart programming language, functions are defined by a series of parameters and a return value to be called in a part of the program. Since Syntax Dart is very similar to Java and CplusPlus, we will suffice to mention just two examples.
Example 1: Landa function (Arrow function)
The output of this function will be Hello 123.
Example 2: Recursive function (factorial calculation 6)
The output of this function will be 720.
Conclusion
Dart programming language is an emerging and young language that Google supports. Although it was initially Developed for fast single-page web application development, the language found a new use in app development for all popular mobile operating systems in 2017 with the introduction of Google’s Flutter.
